简单了解XML 树结构

这篇文章主要介绍了XML 树结构的相关资料，文中示例代码非常详细，帮助大家更好的理解和学习，感兴趣的朋友可以了解下

XML 文档形成了一种树结构，它从”根部”开始，然后扩展到”枝叶”。

一个 XML 文档实例

XML 文档使用简单的具有自我描述性的语法：

Tove
Jani
Reminder
Don’t forget me this weekend!

第一行是 XML 声明。它定义 XML 的版本（1.0）和所使用的编码（UTF-8 : 万国码, 可显示各种语言）。

下一行描述文档的根元素（像在说：”本文档是一个便签”）：

接下来 4 行描述根的 4 个子元素（to, from, heading 以及 body）：

Tove
Jani
Reminder
Don’t forget me this weekend!

最后一行定义根元素的结尾：

您可以假设，从这个实例中，XML 文档包含了一张 Jani 写给 Tove 的便签。

XML 具有出色的自我描述性，您同意吗？

XML 文档形成一种树结构

XML 文档必须包含根元素。该元素是所有其他元素的父元素。

XML 文档中的元素形成了一棵文档树。这棵树从根部开始，并扩展到树的最底端。

所有的元素都可以有子元素：

…..

父、子以及同胞等术语用于描述元素之间的关系。父元素拥有子元素。相同层级上的子元素成为同胞（兄弟或姐妹）。

所有的元素都可以有文本内容和属性（类似 HTML 中）。

实例：

上图表示下面的 XML 中的一本书：

    Everyday Italian
    Giada De Laurentiis
    2005
    30.00

    Harry Potter
    J K. Rowling
    2005
    29.99

    Learning XML
    Erik T. Ray
    2003
    39.95

实例中的根元素是。文档中的所有元素都被包含在中。

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