快速读懂石英表与机械表

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<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>瑞士钟表业主要生产两类腕表，包括电子石英腕表及机械腕表。以比例来说，大约每四只腕表当中，有三只是电子表。虽然机械腕表的生产量较低，但论价值却极为重要——因为机械腕表占整个瑞士钟表业总值的75%之多！以下就要来简单解释石英表与机械表在结构与运作上的主要原理。

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>1. 石英腕表

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>石英腕表的核心包含集成电路。在电池供应的电能作用下，石英震荡器震动，划分时间。电源为寿命可达数年的小型电池。石英震荡器将电池的能量转化成震动，以划分时间。由于石英震荡器的高频率震动（通常来说至少有32kHz），因此石英表极其准确，年度误差非常低︰每年少于一分钟，，即每天少于一秒。

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>石英腕表有两种显示时间的方式。最常见的是模拟显示，即以指针显示时间。另一种数位显示腕表内部设有液晶体，液晶体直接从集成电路接收所需脉冲以显示时间。因此并无机械能量传导。这两种显示方式还可以结合以显示不同项目，如时间、短时间和量度的时间。

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>石英腕表图

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(1) 电池

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(2) 集成电路在石英上运作，控制对步进式马达发出的脉冲

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(3) 石英

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(4) 可变电阻器调控频率

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(5) 步进式马达，将电力脉冲转换成机械力量

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(6) 齿轮系带动运行（时、分、秒）

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(7) 模拟显示

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>2. 机械腕表

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>一只标准的机械腕表约有130枚零件，约略可以分为三大组别，即能量来源、控制部件及显示部分。设有复杂功能（计时、日历、月相等功能）的腕表自然有较多组件。齿轮系传导出发条所供应的能量。擒纵装置传导脉冲，而摆轮划分时间。上链机制透过人工或是自动上链拧紧发条。

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>机械腕表图

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(1) 主发条

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(2) 齿轮系

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(3) 擒纵装置

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(4) 震荡摆轮

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(5) 发条及设定时间用的上链柄轴

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>(6) 模拟显示

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>*自动石英腕表

<p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, “Segoe UI”, Roboto, “Microsoft JhengHei”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.02em; word-break: normal; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);”>瑞士制表工匠克服了结合这两种技术的挑战。他们已创制出运作如石英机芯、但充电能像机械机芯的腕表机芯，因而成功将石英的准确度置入自动腕表之中。它的运作原理虽然简单，但却是革命性的︰自动充能机制拧紧主发条，放松主发条时，即启动微型发电器，将机械能转换为电能。能量储蓄于电容器中。然后系统就如传统石英腕表一样运作，并由集成电路控制能量分配，提供所须脉冲驱动步进式马达。如果您在平时佩戴手表的过程中遇到问题，需要购买二手手表或者手表回收变现，请立即咨询我们专业客服，我们会尽心尽力帮您解决。